Biological clocks

Biological clocks

Biological clocks, or markers of aging, are used to measure the progression of aging at the cellular and molecular level. These markers can help scientists understand the underlying causes of aging and develop interventions to delay or prevent age-related diseases.

One commonly used marker of biological aging is the telomere, a repetitive DNA sequence found at the end of chromosomes. Telomeres shorten as cells divide, and their shortened length has been associated with aging and age-related diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.

Another marker of biological aging is the accumulation of senescent cells, which are cells that have stopped dividing and have a specific set of characteristics. These cells have been linked to age-related diseases and chronic inflammation.

Mitochondrial DNA damage is also used as a marker of biological aging. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell and produce energy. As we age, the DNA in the mitochondria gets damaged leading to less efficient energy production. This can lead to age-related diseases.

Epigenetics also play a role in biological aging. Epigenetics refer to the modifications in the DNA molecule that turn genes on and off. These modifications accumulate over time and can lead to aging-related diseases.

In recent years, researchers have also developed blood tests that measure the levels of specific biomarkers associated with aging. These tests, known as "biological age" tests, can provide a more accurate assessment of a person's true age compared to their chronological age.

In conclusion, measuring biological age can provide valuable insights into the underlying causes of aging and age-related diseases. Further research into these markers and interventions to delay or prevent aging will likely lead to improved health and longevity for all.